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Compound Groups

Compound groups are groups of chemicals that share structural or chemical features. In most cases, hazard lists will assign hazards to individual substances. Compound groups are useful because in some cases, lists will instead identify a group of structurally similar compounds (such as lead compounds) as all having the same hazard. The Pharos staff is in the process of establishing and populating compound groups, and associating warnings from the hazard lists with them. The table below indicates how each compound group is populated, and what is the status of its population.
Compound Groups
COMPOUND GROUP NAME POPULATION STATUS DATE POPULATED DESCRIPTION PROFILE TYPE # MEMBERS # HAZARDS
Other chemical residues under observation - OEKO-TEX complete fixed list 3 0
Other PFAA precursors and related compounds - perfluoroalkyl ones incomplete

This group was populated from the OECD's Comprehensive Global Database of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) at http://www.oecd.org/chemicalsafety/portal-perfluorinated-chemicals/.

316 23
Other PFAA precursors or related compounds - semifluorinated incomplete

This group was populated from the OECD's Comprehensive Global Database of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) at http://www.oecd.org/chemicalsafety/portal-perfluorinated-chemicals/.

748 23
Other VOCs (volatile organic compounds) and glycols - OEKO-TEX complete fixed list 28 0
Oxanamide and its derivatives incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. structure 1 1
Oxpheneridine and its salts incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. structure 1 1
Ozone Depleting Chemicals - Apple RSS complete

This compound group is populated from Apple's Regulated Substances Specification

fixed list 84 0
Ozone Depleting Chemicals, Hydrochlorofluorocarbons - Apple RSL complete

This compound group is populated from Apple's Regulated Substances Specification

fixed list 198 1
p-Phenylenediamine and its salts incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. structure 2 3
p,p´-Bisphenols - Biomonitoring CA incomplete

This group is populated from the list at https://biomonitoring.ca.gov/chemicals

fixed list 0 3
Palygorskite fibers (> 5µm in length) incomplete

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.

other 3 3
Parabens incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. other 11 4
Paraffin oils (petroleum) incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. other 16 0
Paraffin waxes (coal) incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. other 5 0
Paraquat, salts incomplete

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.

other 0 9
Parethoxycaine and its salts incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. structure 1 1
Particulate matter (≤10 microns) incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. other 0 1
PBDEs in Commercial Octabromodiphenyl Ether incomplete This compound group is defined by a list in the Stockholm Convention, available at http://chm.pops.int/TheConvention/ThePOPs/TheNewPOPs/tabid/2511/Default.aspx fixed list 4 46
PBDEs In Commercial Pentabromodiphenyl Ether incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. fixed list 13 47
Pemoline and its salts incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. structure 1 1
Pentachlorophenol salts and esters complete

This compound group is defined by a substructure search of PubChem the SMILES/SMARTS string "C1(=C(C(=C(C(=C1Cl)Cl)Cl)Cl)Cl)[OD1] plus C1(=C(C(=C(C(=C1Cl)Cl)Cl)Cl)Cl)[O]C(C)=O". The setting "Remove any explicit hydrogens before searching" was deselected from each substructure search. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system.

structure 118 15
Pentane isomers incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. other 5 1
Pentanol isomers (MAK list) complete

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.

fixed list 11 4
Pentanol isomers with the exception of those specified elsewhere in Annex VI of Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 incomplete

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.

0 3
Per and Polyfluorinated Alkyl Substances (PFAS) / Perfluorinated Compounds (PFCs) in progress

This group is populated by:

  • Global Database of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) at http://www.oecd.org/chemicalsafety/portal-perfluorinated-chemicals/
  • PFAS Master List of PFAS Substances (https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical-lists/PFASMASTER), a consolidated list of PFAS substances compiled by the EPA and includes the EPA research list of PFAS compiled from internal, literature, and public sources; complete list of DMSO-solubilized PFAS in EPA's ToxCast inventory; a prioritized subset of the larger ToxCast chemical inventory; a list of chemicals procured but found to be insoluble in DMSO above 5mM; the OECD New Comprehensive Global Database; KEMI Swedish Chemicals Agency Report; compilation by community effort in 2015; structure-based Markush PFAS categories (capabilities under development); PFAS structures containing a specific defined substructures; and PFAS chemicals without explicit structures (polymers and other UVCB chemicals)
  • PFAS Structure Lists (PFASSTRUCT) and PFAS chemicals without explicit structures (PFASDEV). A consolidated list of PFAS substances compiled by EPA, a newer version of PFAS Master List of PFAS Substances.
  • PFASs listed under the Stockholm Convention: Indicative lists of substances covered by the listings of long-chain PFCAs, PFOA, PFHxS (ver. 28 January 2026)
  • Members of subgroups
other 17071 23
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl ether-based compounds incomplete

This group was populated from the OECD's Comprehensive Global Database of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) at http://www.oecd.org/chemicalsafety/portal-perfluorinated-chemicals/.

365 23
Perboric acid (H3BO2(O2)), and other sodium salts incomplete This compound group is defined by the SMILES string '[Na+].[O-]OB=O'. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system. other 32 0
Perchlorates incomplete

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition and is incomplete.

structure 25 2
perchloric acid and its salts 0 1
PERFLUORINATED ALKYL SUBSTANCES (PFAS), LONG-CHAIN incomplete

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.

other 194 28
PERFLUORINATED ALKYL SUBSTANCES (PFAS), SHORT-CHAIN incomplete

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.

other 4 26
Perfluoroalkane sulfonyl compounds incomplete

This group was populated from the OECD's Comprehensive Global Database of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) at http://www.oecd.org/chemicalsafety/portal-perfluorinated-chemicals/.

642 23
Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) - Biomonitoring CA incomplete

This group is populated from the list at https://biomonitoring.ca.gov/chemicals/perfluorochemicals-pfcs. Biomonitoring CA references the PFAS definition from Buck et al. (2011).

fixed list 260 30
Perfluoroalkyl carbonyl compounds incomplete

This group was populated from the OECD's Comprehensive Global Database of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) at http://www.oecd.org/chemicalsafety/portal-perfluorinated-chemicals/.

515 23
Perfluoroalkyl phosphate compounds incomplete

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.

23 23
Perfluorobutane sulfonic acid (PFBS) and its salts incomplete

This compound group has not yet been formally defined.

structure 12 34
Perfluorobutanoic acid and its salts and precursors incomplete

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.

other 0 0
PERFLUOROCARBONS, SHORT-CHAIN incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. other 6 24
Perfluorocarboxylic Acids (PFCAs), Long-Chain (C9-C20), their Salts, and their Precursors incomplete

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.

other 0 38
Perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS), its salts and PFHxS-related compounds incomplete

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.

other 40 28
Perfluorooctane sulfonamides incomplete

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.

other 5 1
Perfluorooctane sulfonates (PFOS) complete

This compound group is defined by the SMILES/SMARTS string "C(C(C(C(C(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)O)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(C(C(C(F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F" and populated from a substructure search of PubChem. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system.

structure 42 45
Perfluorooctane sulfonates C8F17SO2X (X = OH, Metal salt, halide, amide, and other derivatives including polymers) (PFOS), all members incomplete

This compound group was populated from the 2016 GADSL list at http://www.gadsl.org/

other 46 28
Perfluorooctane sulfonyls incomplete

Compounds that contain one of the following groups: C8F17SO2-, C8F17SO3- or C8F17SO2N-.

structure 1 29
PERFLUOROOCTANOATE (PFOA, C-8) SALTS incomplete

Salts of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA).

structure 2 40
Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) Salts, and Its Precursors incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. other 3 34
perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), its salts and PFOA-related substances incomplete other 80 32
Perfluorooctanoic acid inorganic salts incomplete

This compound group is defined by the SMILES string 'C(=O)(C(C(C(C(C(C(C(F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)O'. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system.

other 0 2
Perfluorooctyl silanes incomplete

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.

other 0 0
Persulfate salts incomplete

This compound group is defined by the SMILES string '[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS(=O)(=O)[O-]'. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system. Persulfate salts populated per SIDS Initial Assessment Report For SIAM 20 http://www.chem.unep.ch/irptc/sids/oecdsids/Persulfates.pdf

other 4 2
Pesticides - OEKO-TEX complete fixed list 104 0
Pesticides under observation - OEKO-TEX complete fixed list 51 0
Petrolatum (petroleum), treated and untreated incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. other 34 0
Petroleum distillates incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. other 120 2
Petroleum products incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. other 7 2
Petroleum, Crude oil incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. other 3 1
PFAS - OECD Comprehensive Global Database of PFASs (2018) complete

OECD's Comprehensive Global Database of PFASs

4751 26
PFAS - OEKO-TEX complete fixed list 16 0
PFAS chemicals without explicit structures - Comptox complete

From Comptox Dashboard's PFASDEV list, including polymers and other UVCB chemicals. The PFASSTRUCT (EXPLICIT STRUCTURES) AND PFASDEV (UVCB CHEMICALS) supersedes the retired PFAS Master List of PFAS Substances (https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical-lists/PFASMASTER).

fixed list 1918 23
PFAS Structure Lists - Comptox complete

From Comptox Dashboard's PFASSTRUCT list. The PFASSTRUCT (EXPLICIT STRUCTURES) AND PFASDEV (UVCB CHEMICALS) supersedes the retired PFAS Master List of PFAS Substances (https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical-lists/PFASMASTER).

fixed list 14774 23
PFNA, Perfluorononan-1-oic-acid and its salts incomplete

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.

other 3 25
Phenmetrazine, its derivatives and salts incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. structure 1 1
Phenothiazine and its compounds incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. structure 1 1
Phenyl arsenic compounds in progress

This compound group is defined by the SMILES string '[As][CH]1=[CH][CH]=C([CH]=[CH]1)'. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system.

structure 0 47
Phenylenediamine compounds incomplete

This compound group was populated from the 2016 GADSL list at http://www.gadsl.org/

other 16 0
PHENYLHYDRAZINE SALTS in progress

This compound group is defined by the SMILES string 'C1=CC=C(C=C1)NN'. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system.

other 4 7
Phenyltin compounds in progress This compound group is defined by the SMILES string 'C1=CC=C(C=C1)[Sn]'. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system. structure 234 23
Photoinitiators - Apple RSS

Chemicals that generate reactive species (free radicals, cations, anions) when exposed to a radiation (UV or visible light), initiating a chemical reaction with monomers to trigger a polymerization reaction. Photointiators are typically used in processes like UV curing for coatings, adhesives and inks.

19 1
Phthalates - Apple RSS complete

This compound group is populated from Apple's Regulated Substances Specification

fixed list 87 2
PHTHALATES (orthophthalates) complete

This compound group is defined by a substructure search of PubChem using the SMILES string 'COC(=O)c1[cH][cH][cH][cH]c1C(=O)OC'. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system.

structure 557 17
Pipazetate and its salts incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. structure 1 1
Piperazine salts incomplete

This compound group is defined by the SMILES string 'C1CNCCN1'. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system.

other 3534 0
Pipradrol and its salts incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. structure 1 1
Piproctanyl salts incomplete

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.

other 0 3
Plasticizer/Phthalates - OEKO-TEX complete fixed list 56 0
polyacrylamides incomplete 4 3
Polybrominated dibenzodioxins incomplete

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.

other 0 1
Polybrominated dibenzofurans incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. other 0 2
POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS (PBDE) complete

list of PBDEs from Comptox organized by number of bromine atoms from subgroups

fixed list 247 44
Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) - Apple RSL complete

This compound group is populated from Apple's Regulated Substances Specification

fixed list 23 1
Polybrominated terphenyls (PBT) incomplete

This compound group was populated from the 2016 GADSL list at http://www.gadsl.org/

other 7 1
POLYCHLORINATED ALKANES incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. other 68 13
POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS (PCBs) incomplete

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.

other 240 40
POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZO-P-DIOXINS (PCDD) incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. other 8 29
POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZOFURANS (PCDF) incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. other 10 21
POLYCHLORINATED NAPHTHALENES (PCN) incomplete

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.

other 20 22
Polychlorinated terphenyls (PCTs) incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. other 1 7
POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC COMPOUNDS - Compound Group incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. other 102 7
POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC COMPOUNDS (OSHA EXCLUSIONS) complete This compound group is defined by a list in the US EPA's Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) Basis of OSHA Carcinogens document, available at https://www.epa.gov/toxics-release-inventory-tri-program/tri-basis-osha-carcinogens. fixed list 24 7
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) complete fixed list 33 0
POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS (PAH) (US NIH RoC) incomplete

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.

19 0
POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS (PAHs) complete

This list is drawn from:

other 95 21
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) - Apple RSL complete

This compound group is populated from Apple's Regulated Substances Specification

fixed list 38 1
Polycyclic synthetic musks - Biomonitoring CA incomplete

This group is populated from the list at https://biomonitoring.ca.gov/chemicals

fixed list 0 1
polyethlyenepolyamines incomplete

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.

structure 1 0
polyethlyenepolyamines with the exception of those specified elsewhere in Annex VI of Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 incomplete

This compound group is populated by taking the more general compound group and subtracting the chemicals found in the relevent Annex.

other 0 8
Polyhalogenated alicycles (NAS OFR subclass) complete

This compound group is populated from a National Academies of Science report "A Class Approach to Hazard Assessment of Organohalogen Flame Retardants (2019)" available at https://www.nap.edu/catalog/25412/a-class-approach-to-hazard-assessment-of-organohalogen-flame-retardants

20 17
Polyhalogenated aliphatic carboxylate (NAS OFR subclass) complete

This compound group is populated from a National Academies of Science report "A Class Approach to Hazard Assessment of Organohalogen Flame Retardants (2019)" available at https://www.nap.edu/catalog/25412/a-class-approach-to-hazard-assessment-of-organohalogen-flame-retardants

6 17
Potassium Titanates incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. other 5 1
Procainamide, its salts and derivatives incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. structure 1 1