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Compound Groups

Compound groups are groups of chemicals that share structural or chemical features. In most cases, hazard lists will assign hazards to individual substances. Compound groups are useful because in some cases, lists will instead identify a group of structurally similar compounds (such as lead compounds) as all having the same hazard. The Pharos staff is in the process of establishing and populating compound groups, and associating warnings from the hazard lists with them. The table below indicates how each compound group is populated, and what is the status of its population.
Compound Groups
COMPOUND GROUP NAME POPULATION STATUS DATE POPULATED DESCRIPTION PROFILE TYPE # MEMBERS # HAZARDS
Chlorinated solvents - OEKO-TEX complete fixed list 16 0
chloroanilines with the exception of those specified elsewhere in Annex VI of Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 complete

This compound group is composed of the 5 isomers not explicitly included in Annex VI of Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 (CLP Regulation). Total number of isomers: monochloroanilines (3 isomers), dichloroanilines (6 isomers), trichloroanilines (6 isomers), tetrachloroanilines (3 isomers) and pentachloroaniline (1 isomer). 

  • 3,4-dichloroaniline
  • 3,5-dichloroaniline
  • 2,3,5-trichloroaniline
  • 2,3,6-trichloroaniline
  • 2,3,4,6-tetrachloroaniline

The following isomers are not included, because they are listed in the Annex as of 7/9/19:

fixed list 5 6
Chlorobenzenes - OEKO-TEX complete fixed list 18 0
Chlorotoluenes complete 05/01/17

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.

other 15 9
Chlorotoluenes - OEKO-TEX complete fixed list 24 0
CHROMIUM (III) COMPOUNDS complete 11/17/17 This compound group is defined by the SMILES string '[Cr+3]'. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system. element 382 10
CHROMIUM (VI) COMPOUNDS complete 11/17/17 This compound group is defined by the SMILES string '[Cr+6]'. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system. other 152 54
COBALT COMPOUNDS complete

This compound group is defined by the SMILES/SMARTS string "[Co]" and populated from a substructure search of PubChem.. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system.

element 1659 26
cobalt compounds that release cobalt ions in vivo complete 10/31/17

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.

fixed list 16 1
Color Index (C.I.) Dyes complete 07/19/23

This compound group includes a list of dyes associated with the Color Index list and associated identifiers. It is mainly populated from Comptox's "LIST: Color Index (C.I.) Dyes" and a few others manually added.

functional use 2175 0
Creosote and Creosote related substances - ECHA complete 11/05/24

Tar Oils derived from coal and/or wood by distillation or by other processes.

ECHA group: https://echa.europa.eu/substance-information/-/substanceinfo/100.240.872

fixed list 10 8
Cresol isomers complete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. other 4 2
Crude and refined coal tars complete 04/01/21

This compound group was populated from existing compound groups for the Cradle to Cradle (C2C) RSL.

48 1
CYANIDE COMPOUNDS complete

This compound group includes both commercially relevant compounds such as Hydrogen Cyanide, Sodium Cyanide, Potassium Cyanide, and Calcium Cyanide, as well as cyanide salts that are less common. 

structure 40 9
Cyclocyloxanes - Biomonitoring CA complete

This group is populated from the list at https://biomonitoring.ca.gov/chemicals

fixed list 3 0
Di- and triether of alkanediols and -triols (C3-C8, linear and branched) with epichlorohydrin (content of free epichlorohydrin < 20 ppm, not characterized as H351 or H350) complete 06/17/19 fixed list 16 0
Di-isodecyl phthalate and metabolite complete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. other 7 0
Di-n-Octyl Phthalate and metabolites complete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. other 2 0
Dibromobiphenyls (DiBBs) complete 09/05/25 fixed list 12 54
Dibromodiphenylethers (DiBDEs) complete 09/05/25 fixed list 12 44
Dibutyl phthalate and metabolites complete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. other 2 0
Dichlorobenzenes complete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. other 5 10
Dichloroethylenes complete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. other 6 0
dichloropropanes complete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. other 17 6
Dichloropropenes - ATSDR complete 10/21/24

see Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry's Complete Toxicological Profile of Dichloropropenes

fixed list 7 8
Dicofol complete

Dicofol is an organochlorine pesticide comprising two isomers: p,p′-dicofol and o,p′-dicofol. The technical product (95% pure) is a brown viscous oil and is composed of 80-85% p,p′-dicofol and 15-20% o,p’-dicofol with up to 18 reported impurities.

fixed list 0 1
Dicyclohexyl phthalate and metabolite complete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. other 3 0
Diethyl hexyl phthalate and metabolites complete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. other 12 0
Dimethylarsenic acids complete

This compound group is defined by the SMILES string '[CH3][As](=O)([CH3])O'. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system.

structure 18 49
Dimethyltin derivatives complete 07/26/18

This compound group is defined by the SMILES string '[CH3][Sn]([CH3])', then subtracting compounds with 3+ methyl ligands. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system.

structure 276 28
Dinoterb salts and esters complete

This compound group is defined by a substructure search of PubChem the SMILES/SMARTS string "[CH3]C([CH3])([CH3])C1=[CH1]C(=[CH1]C(=C1[OD1])[N+](=O)[O-])[N+](=O)[O-] plus [CH3]C([CH3])([CH3])C1=[CH1]C(=[CH1]C(=C1OC(=O)C)[N+](=O)[O-])[N+](=O)[O-]". The setting "Remove any explicit hydrogens before searching" was deselected from each substructure search. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system.

structure 7 11
Dioctyltin dilaurate, stannane, dioctyl-, bis(coco acyloxy) derivs., and any other stannane, dioctyl-, bis(fatty acyloxy) derivs. wherein C12 is the predominant carbon number of the fatty acyloxy moiety complete 02/27/23

ECHA chemical group parent

3 8
dioctyltin dilaurate; stannane, dioctyl-, bis(coco acyloxy) derivs. (ECHA defined) complete 02/27/23

ECHA chemical group parent

2 8
Diphenyltin derivatives complete 07/26/18

This compound group is defined by the SMILES string '[CH]1=[CH][CH]=C([CH]=[CH]1)[Sn](C2=[CH][CH]=[CH][CH]=[CH]2)'. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system.

structure 153 30
Dyestuffs and pigments classified as carcinogenic - OEKO-TEX complete fixed list 29 0
Dyestuffs classified as allergenic - OEKO-TEX complete fixed list 24 0
Emission of volatiles - OEKO-TEX complete fixed list 10 0
Endocrine Disruptors - Apple RSL complete

This compound group is populated from Apple's Regulated Substances Specification

fixed list 383 1
Endosulfan Isomers complete This compound group was populated from the Stockholm POPs Convention decision http://chm.pops.int/TheConvention/ThePOPs/TheNewPOPs/tabid/2511/Default.aspx fixed list 3 4
Fatty alcohols, saturated, with even-numbered C-chain, number of C-atoms >=16, with terminating OH-group complete 39 0
Forbidden flame retardant - OEKO-TEX complete fixed list 110 0
Formaldehyde compounds and polymers complete 09/11/18

This compound group was populated by searching ChemIDplus for all compounds whose name contained "formaldehyde". Additionally, it contains the compounds in its subgroups. 

other 1173 4
Formaldehyde Donors complete 05/29/20

This compound group is populated from a list of chemicals in an ECHA Investigation Report - Formaldehyde and Formaldehyde Releasers as well as manual searches. Report downloaded from https://echa.europa.eu/documents/10162/13641/annex_xv_report_formaldehyde_en.pdf/58be2f0a-7ca7-264d-a594-da5051a1c74b

149-44-0 (Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate) was added based on suggestion by GreenSeal, citing https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Sodium-hydroxymethanesulfinate and https://www.fishersci.com/store/msds?partNumber=AC149190250&productDescription=SODIUM+FORMALDEHYDESULFO+25KG&vendorId=VN00032119&countryCode=US&language=en 

functional use 197 4
Germanium Compounds complete 08/09/18

This compound group is defined by the SMILES string '[Ge]'. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system.

element 1206 1
Glyphosate and salts - OEKO-TEX complete fixed list 4 0
Gold salts complete 04/01/21

This compound group was populated using a substructure search of PubChem using the SMILES string [Au].

element 496 1
halogenated monomethyldiphenylmethanes - UN Transport of Dangerous Goods complete 04/28/23 3 1
Halogenated Solvents complete 08/17/23

This compound group is populated by selecting halogenated solvents (excluding salts) from GSPI's Six Classes of Problematic Chemicals - Some Solvents List.

fixed list 1023 9
Halogenated Solvents - City of Portland, OR complete 05/17/17

Includes chemicals from https://www.portlandoregon.gov/water/article/28482

1-Chlorobutane (CAS 109-69-3) added by suggestion of GreenSeal citing https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/1-Chlorobutane#section=Use-Classification

functional use 88 9
HBCDD / HBCD isomers complete

This compound group is defined by the SMILES/SMARTS string "C1CC(C(CCC(C(CCC(C1Br)Br)Br)Br)Br)Br" and populated from a substructure search of PubChem. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system.

 

 

structure 32 11
Heptabromobiphenyls (HeptaBBs) complete 09/05/25 fixed list 24 54
Heptabromodiphenylethers (HeptaBDEs) complete 09/05/25 fixed list 27 44
Hexabromobiphenyls (HexaBBs) complete 09/05/25 fixed list 42 54
Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCDD) complete 02/27/23

Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCDD) and all major diastereoisomers identified

7 23
Hexabromodiphenylethers (HexaBDEs) complete 09/05/25 fixed list 42 44
Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) in Google's MRSL complete 02/12/21

This compound group was populated from the Google Manufacturing Restricted Substances Specification (v1.0) (TTD_3549)

 

fixed list 23 1
Inorganic Ammonium Salts complete 08/01/18

This compound group is defined by the SMILES string '[NH4] subtracting [NH4].C'. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system.

other 277 5
Inorganic cyanide compounds complete 03/12/20

This compound group was manually populated with inorganic cyanide compounds. It is based on an entry in Korea's GHS.

other 23 14
Ioxynil salts complete 07/30/18

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.

other 11 0
Iron Oxides (MAK list of 4) complete

This compound group is populated from the MAK list.

fixed list 6 1
ISOCYANATES complete 07/19/17

This compound group is defined by the SMARTS string "[NX2:2]=[C:1]=[OX1:3]". For more information on SMARTS, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smiles_arbitrary_target_specification.

structure 2938 3
Manganese Compounds complete 08/09/18

This compound group is defined by the SMILES string '[Mn]'. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system.

element 614 7
Medium-chain chlorinated paraffins (MCCP) complete 02/27/23

UVCB substances consisting of more than or equal to 80% linear chloroalkanes with carbon chain lengths within the range from C14 to C17

ECHA chemical group parent

4 16
Mercury, organic compounds (MAK) complete

MAK provides the following criteria for the organic mercury compounds it flags as hazardous. This compound group is defined by the SMILES/SMARTS string "C[Hg]" and populated from a substructure search of PubChem.

"Organomercury compounds are characterized chemically by the covalent binding of one or two alkyl or aryl groups and covalent or ionic binding of a group such as halide,hydroxide, acetate, nitrate or phosphate to the mercury atom."

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/3527600418.mb743997orge0015

structure 965 57
Metal salts of 2-ethylhexanoic acid complete 05/22/23

ECHA defined chemical group

fixed list 9 9
Methoxychlor complete 11/27/24

“Methoxychlor” refers to any possible isomer of dimethoxydiphenyltrichloroethane or any combination thereof.

fixed list 3 3
Methyl-phenol Compounds - Apple RSS complete 06/23/25 fixed list 4 1
Methylarsenic compounds complete

This compound group is defined by a substructure search of PubChem the SMILES/SMARTS string "[As][CH3]". The setting "Remove any explicit hydrogens before searching" was deselected from the substructure search.

structure 398 49
Michler's ketone / base - OEKO-TEX complete fixed list 2 0
Mixtures obtained via distillation, extraction, and crystallization of hydrocarbon fuels (coal tar, gasoline, naphtha, and other petroleums) complete

From C2C Certified v5.0 Product Standard Restricted Substances "Hydrocarbon Mixtures CAS#s" tab

fixed list 679 1
Molybdenum Compounds complete 08/09/18

This compound group is defined by the SMILES string '[Mo]'. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system.

element 391 4
Monobromobiphenyls (MonoBBs) complete 09/05/25 fixed list 3 54
Monobromodiphenylethers (MonoBDEs) complete 09/05/25 fixed list 3 44
Monohalomethanes complete

This compound group is composed of four chemicals so no substructure search is needed to populate it

other 6 2
Monometharsonic acids complete

This compound group is defined by A PubChem Substructure search of the SMILES/SMARTS string "[CH3][As](=O)(O)O". The setting "Remove any explicit hydrogens before searching" was deselected from the substructure search. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system.

 

 

structure 34 49
Monomethyltin derivatives complete 07/26/18

This compound group is defined by the SMILES string '[Sn][CH3]' subtracting compounds with 2+ methyl ligands. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system.

structure 95 28
Monophenyltin derivatives complete 07/26/18

This compound group is defined by the SMILES string '[CH]1=[CH][CH]=C([CH]=[CH]1)[Sn]', then subtracting compounds matching diphenyltin. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system.

structure 70 30
N-Nitrosamines; N-nitrosatable substances - OEKO-TEX complete fixed list 15 0
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) Chemical List complete 07/27/20

This list was copied from https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical_lists/NHANES2019

fixed list 518 0
Nickel compounds, inorganic complete

This compound group is defined by the SMILES/SMARTS string "[Ni] subtract [Ni].C" and populated from a substructure search of PubChem. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system.

structure 509 1
Nickel compounds, oxidic complete

This compound group is defined by the SMILES/SMARTS string "O=[Ni]" and populated from a substructure search of PubChem. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system.

"including nickel oxide, nickel-copper oxide, nickel silicate oxides, and complex oxides"

https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/environmental-workplace-health/reports-publications/environmental-contaminants/canadian-environmental-protection-act-priority-substances-list-assessment-report-nickel-compounds.html

structure 29 31
Nickel Compounds, Soluble (MAK list) complete

This compound group has been populated using subgroups listed by MAK Commission of Germany.

fixed list 11 32
Nonabromobiphenyls (NonaBBs) complete 09/05/25 fixed list 3 54
Nonabromodiphenylethers (NonaBDEs) complete 09/05/25 fixed list 3 44
Nonadecafluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) and its sodium and ammonium salts complete 02/27/23

ECHA chemical group parent

3 8
Octabromobiphenyls (OctaBBs) complete 09/05/25 12 54
Octabromodiphenylethers (OctaBDEs) complete 09/05/25 fixed list 12 44
Organohalogen Flame Retardants - NAS OFR expanded set complete 02/12/24

This compound group is populated from "A Class Approach to Hazard Assessment of Organohalogen Flame Retardants" by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. The committee identified a set of 1073 analogue compounds as "expanded set" based on combined functional, structural, and predicted bioactivity information.

The subclasses from the seed list used to expand this list are also in Pharos:

fixed list 1084 3
ORGANOPHOSPHOROUS COMPOUNDS complete 09/13/18

This compound group is defined by the SMILES string 'POC'. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system.

structure 3176 1
Organophosphorous Pesticides, metabolites, and other targets for measurement - Biomonitoring CA complete 12/03/24

This compound group contains designated chemicals identified by Biomonitoring California that are organophosphorous pesticides, metabolites of organophosphorous pesticides, and other targets for measurement in biomonitoring studies.  Designated chemicals are are the list of chemicals from which Biomonitoring California's Scientific Guidance Panel recommends priority chemicals for biomonitoring. The most current list of designated chemicals may be found at https://www.biomonitoring.ca.gov/chemicals/designated-chemicals.

 

other 50 1
Orthoboric acid, sodium salt (group) complete 02/27/23

ECHA chemical group parent

6 6
Other banned dyestuffs - OEKO-TEX complete fixed list 8 0
Other chemical residues - OEKO-TEX complete fixed list 30 0
Other chemical residues under observation - OEKO-TEX complete fixed list 3 0
Other VOCs (volatile organic compounds) and glycols - OEKO-TEX complete fixed list 28 0
Ozone Depleting Chemicals - Apple RSS complete

This compound group is populated from Apple's Regulated Substances Specification

fixed list 84 0
Ozone Depleting Chemicals (ODCs) in Google's MRSL complete 02/12/21

This compound group was populated from the Google Manufacturing Restricted Substances Specification (v1.0) (TTD_3549)

fixed list 209 2
Ozone Depleting Chemicals, Hydrochlorofluorocarbons - Apple RSL complete

This compound group is populated from Apple's Regulated Substances Specification

fixed list 198 1
Pentabromobiphenyls (PentaBBs) complete 09/05/25 fixed list 46 54
Pentabromodiphenylethers (PentaBDEs) complete 09/05/25 fixed list 46 44